IBM User Guide for Java V7 on Windows > IBM SDK for Java > The Java Native Interface (JNI) > The JNI and the Garbage Collector

JNI local references and garbage collection

Every thread has a runtime stack that includes a frame for each method call. From a GC perspective, every stack establishes a thread-specific "root set" including the union of all JNI local references in the stack.

Each method call in a running VM adds (pushes) a frame onto the stack, just as every return removes (pops) a frame. Each call point in a running stack can be characterized as one of the following types:

• Java to Java (J2J)
• Native to Native (N2N)
• Java to Native (J2N)
• Native to Java (N2J)

You can only perform an N2J transition in a thread that meets the following conditions:

• The process containing the thread must contain a JVM started using the JNI Invocation API.
• The thread must be "attached" to the JVM.
• The thread must pass at least one valid local or global object reference to JNI.

See

1. J2J and N2N transitions
   
2. N2J transitions
   
3. J2N calls
   
4. J2N returns
   

Parent: The JNI and the Garbage Collector

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