Configure the was.policy file

You should update the was.policy file if the application has specific resources to access.

Java 2 security uses several policy files to determine the granted permission for each Java program. The was.policy file is an application-specific policy file for WebSphere Application Server enterprise applications. This file is embedded in the META-INF/was.policy enterprise archive (.EAR) file. The was.policy file is located in:

profile_root/config/cells/cell_name/applications/
ear_file_name/deployments/application_name/META-INF/was.policy

The union of the permissions that are contained in the following files is applied to the WebSphere Application Server enterprise application:

Any policy file that is specified in the policy.url.* properties in the java.security file.
The app.policy files, which are managed by configuration and file replication services.
The server.policy file.
The java.policy file.
The application was.policy file.
The permission specification of the ra.xml file.
The shared library, which is the library.policy file.

Changes made in these files are replicated to other nodes in the cell. Several product-reserved symbols are defined to associate the permission lists to a specific type of resources.

Symbol Definition

file:${application} file:${application}
file:${jars} Permissions apply to all utility Java archive (JAR) files within the application
file:${ejbComponent} Permissions apply to enterprise bean resources within the application
file:${webComponent} Permissions apply to Web resources within the application
file:${connectorComponent} Permissions apply to connector resources within the application

In WebSphere Application Server, applications that manipulate threads must have the appropriate thread permissions specified in the was.policy or app.policy file. Without the thread permissions specified, the application cannot manipulate threads and WebSphere Application Server creates a java.security.AccessControlException exception. If you add the permissions to the was.policy file for a specific application, you do not need to restart WebSphere Application Server. An administrator must add the following code to a was.policy or app.policy file for an application to manipulate threads:

Symbol	Definition
file:${application}	file:${application}
file:${jars}	Permissions apply to all utility Java archive (JAR) files within the application
file:${ejbComponent}	Permissions apply to enterprise bean resources within the application
file:${webComponent}	Permissions apply to Web resources within the application
file:${connectorComponent}	Permissions apply to connector resources within the application

grant codeBase "file:${application}" {
permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "stopThread";
permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "modifyThread";
permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "modifyThreadGroup";
};

An administrator can add the thread permissions to the app.policy file, but the permission change requires a restart of WebSphere Application Server.

Important: The Signed By and the Java Authentication and Authorization Service (JAAS) principal keywords are not supported in the was.policy file. The Signed By keyword is supported in the java.policy, server.policy, and client.policy policy file. The JAAS principal keyword is supported in a JAAS policy file when it is specified by the java.security.auth.policy Java virtual machine (JVM) system property. You can statically set the authorization policy files in the java.security.auth.policy file with the auth.policy.url.n=URL, where URL is the location of the authorization policy. Other than these blocks, you can specify the module name for granular settings. For example,

"file:DefaultWebApplication.war" {
      permission java.security.SecurityPermission "printIdentity";
 };

grant codeBase "file:IncCMP11.jar" {
      permission java.io.FilePermission 
      "${user.install.root}${/}bin${/}DefaultDB${/}-", 
      "read,write,delete";
};

Five embedded symbols are provided to specify the path and name for the java.io.FilePermission permission. These symbols enable flexible permission specification. The absolute file path is fixed after the application is installed.

Symbol Definition

${app.installed.path} Path where the application is installed
${was.module.path} Path where the module is installed
${current.cell.name} Current cell name
${current.node.name} Current node name
${current.server.name} Current server name

Symbol	Definition
${app.installed.path}	Path where the application is installed
${was.module.path}	Path where the module is installed
${current.cell.name}	Current cell name
${current.node.name}	Current node name
${current.server.name}	Current server name

About this taskIf the default permissions for the enterprise application are enough, an action is not required. The default permissions are a union of the permissions that are defined in the java.policy file, the server.policy file, and the app.policy file. If an application has specific resources to access, update the was.policy file. The first two steps assume that you are creating a new policy file.

Tip: Syntax errors in the policy files cause the application server to fail. Use care when editing these policy files.

Procedure

Create or edit a new was.policy file by using the PolicyTool. For more information, see Using PolicyTool to edit policy files .
Package the was.policy file into the enterprise archive (EAR) file.
For more information, see Adding the was.policy file to applications . The following instructions describe how to import a was.policy file.
1. Import the EAR file into an assembly tool.
2. Open the Project Navigator view.
3. Expand the EAR file and click META-INF. You might find a was.policy file in the META-INF directory. If you want to delete the file, right-click the file name and select Delete.
4. At the bottom of the Project Navigator view, click J2EE Hierarchy.
5. Import the was.policy file by right-clicking the Modules directory within the deployment descriptor and by clicking Import > Import > File system.
6. Click Next.
7. Enter the path name to the was.policy file in the From directory field or click Browse to locate the file.
8. Verify that the path directory that is listed in the Into directory field lists the correct META-INF directory.
9. Click Finish.
10. To validate the EAR file, right-click the EAR file, which contains the Modules directory, and click Run Validation.
11. To save the new EAR file, right-click the EAR file, and click Export > Export EAR file. If you do not save the revised EAR file, the EAR file will contain the new was.policy file. However, if the workspace becomes corrupted, you might lose the revised EAR file.
12. To generate deployment code, right-click the EAR file and click Generate Deployment Code.
Update an existing installed application, if one already exists.
1. Modify the was.policy file with the Policy Tool. For more information, see Using PolicyTool to edit policy files .

Results

The updated was.policy file is applied to the application after the application restarts.

ExampleIf an application must access a specific resource that is not defined as a default in the java.policy file, the server.policy file, and the app.policy, delete the was.policy file for that application. The symptom of the missing permission is the java.security.AccessControlException exception. The missing permission is listed in the exception data:

java.security.AccessControlException: access denied (java.io.FilePermission 


app_server_root/lib/mail-impl.jar read)

The previous example was split onto several lines for illustrative purposes only. When a Java program receives this exception and adding this permission is justified, add the following permission to the was.policy file:

grant codeBase "file:user_client_installed_location" {   
permission java.io.FilePermission "app_server_root/lib/mail-impl.jar", "read"; };

The previous example was split onto several lines for illustrative purposes only.

To determine whether to add a permission, see Access control exception .

What to do next

Restart all applications for the updated app.policy file to take effect.