Conceptual and functional divisions of a website
When building a website using WCM, we break up the website into the following conceptual and functional divisions.
Content Layout
- Content items
- Site areas
- Components
- Presentation templates
- Component designs
- Page layout and portlets
- Themes
Context Style
- Site framework
- Page hierarchy
- Profiling
- Current user
- Personalization
- CSS
- Themes
When we are developing a website using WCM and HCL WebSphere Portal, we are splitting the elements of the website between content, context, layout, and style.
- Types of content...
Dynamic Generated dynamically based on a set of preconfigured parameters, such as navigator or menu. Static Store markup or files directly in a component, content item, or site area.
- Page-specific content is stored in content items.
- Content related to a section of the site can be stored in a site area.
- Content that is reused in multiple sections of the site is stored in components.
Layout: The layout and structure of each page in the website are defined using these features:
- The overall structure of each page is determined by the theme we are using, the page layout we choose, and the web content viewer portlets you add to the page layout
- The layout of the content displayed within each web content viewer is determined by markup used by the current presentation template, and by the markup stored within the elements and components referenced within the presentation template.
Context: The context of the content currently displayed is also important. The layout and design of the page where a content item is displayed is different depending on:
- The current portal page (Different pages can use different themes, layouts, web content viewer portlets, and even different presentation templates.)
- The current site area (Content linked to different site areas can use different template maps that map to different site areas.)
- The current user (Different users can have different access to various page elements, including individual pages, portlets, and content items.)
Each of these contextual variables allows us to display content or components in different ways, depending on the current context. Additionally, the profile of the current portlet, content item, or current user can determine what is displayed on a page, as do any personalization features used by the website.
Style: While we can place stylistic elements directly within the HTML, it is becoming increasingly more common to use CSS to store and manage all the stylistic elements of a website. In a WCM site, the CSS can be:
- Stored server-side and referenced within a HCL WebSphere Portal theme
- Stored directly within a WCM content item or component
One good practice is to store the CSS markup within an HTML field stored in a content item. This allows you quick access to the CSS if we need to make a change. In addition, use advanced features such as workflows and inline editing to help maintain the CSS. By storing all the stylistic elements in CSS, we can quickly make stylistic changes to the website simply by editing a CSS file instead of editing multiple WCM items.
When a web page is rendered, Web Content Manager takes all these individual item types and combines them to build a complete web page.
Parent Web content