Network Deployment (Distributed operating systems), v8.0 > Develop and deploying applications > Develop Client applications > Develop client applications

Develop ActiveX client application code

This topic provides an outline for developing an ActiveX Windows program, such as Visual Basic, VBScript, and Active Server Pages, to use the WebSphere ActiveX to EJB bridge to access enterprise beans.

This topic assumes that you are familiar with ActiveX programming and developing on the Windows platform. For information about the programming concepts of ActiveX application clients and the ActiveX to EJB bridge, refer to the ActiveX to Enterprise JavaBeans™ (EJB) Bridge topic, and related topics.

Consider the information given in ActiveX to EJB bridge as good programming guidelines. To use the ActiveX to EJB bridge to access a Java class, develop your ActiveX program to complete the following steps:

Procedure

1. Create an instance of the XJB.JClassFactory object.
2. Create Java virtual machine (JVM) code within the ActiveX program process, by calling the XJBInit() method of the XJB.JClassFactory object. After the ActiveX program has created an XJB.JClassFactory object and called the XJBInit() method, the JVM code is initialized and ready for use.
3. Create a proxy object for the Java class, by using the XJB.JClassFactory FindClass() and NewInstance() methods. The ActiveX program can use the proxy object to access the Java class, object fields, and methods.
4. Call methods on the Java class, using the Java method invocation syntax, and access Java fields as required.

5. Use the helper functions to do the conversion in cases where automatic conversion is not possible. We can convert between the following data types:
   • Java Byte and Visual Basic Byte
   • Visual Basic Currency types and Java 64-bit

6. Implement methods to handle any errors returned from the Java class. In Visual Basic or VBScript, use the Err.Number and Err.Description fields to determine the actual Java error.

Example

• View a System.out message

• ActiveX client application using helper methods for data type conversion

View a System.out message: The ActiveX to EJB bridge does not have a console available to view Java System.out messages.

To view these messages when running a stand-alone client program (such as Visual Basic), redirect the output to a file.

The following example illustrates how to redirect output to a file:

launchClientXJB.bat MyProgram.exe > output.txt

• To view the System.out messages when running a Service program such as Active Server Pages, override the Java System.out OutputStream object to FileOutputStream. For example, in VBScript:

  'Redirect system.out to a file ' Assume that oXJB is an initialized XJB.JClassFactory object  Dim clsSystem
   Dim oOS
   Dim oPS
   Dim oArgs
  
  ' Get the System class
    Set clsSystem = oXJB.FindClass("java.lang.System")
  
  ' Create a FileOutputStream object ' Create a PrintStream object and assign to it our FileOutputStream
    Set oArgs = oXJB.GetArgsContainer  oArgs.AddObject "java.io.OutputStream", oOS
    Set oPS = oXJB.NewInstance(oXJB.FindClass("java.io.PrintStream"), oArgs)
  
  ' Set our System OutputStream to our file   clsSystem.setOut oPS
  

ActiveX client application using helper methods for data type conversion. Generally, data type conversion between ActiveX (Visual Basic and VBScript) and Java methods occurs automatically, as described in ActiveX to EJB bridge, converting data types. However, the byte helper function and currency helper function are provided for cases where automatic conversion is not possible.

• Byte helper function

  Because the Java Byte data type is signed (-127 through 128) and the Visual Basic Byte data type is unsigned (0 through 255), convert unsigned Bytes to a Visual Basic Integers, which look like the Java signed byte.

  To make this conversion, you can use the following helper function:

  Private Function GetIntFromJavaByte(Byte jByte) as Integer
        GetIntFromJavaByte = (CInt(jByte) + 128) Mod 256 - 128
  End Function
  

• Currency helper function

  Visual Basic 6.0 cannot properly handle 64-bit integers like Java methods can (as the Long data type). Therefore, Visual Basic uses the Currency type, which is intrinsically a 64-bit data type. The only side effect of using the Currency type (the Variant type VT_CY) is that a decimal point is inserted into the type.

  To extract and manipulate the 64-bit Long value in Visual Basic, use code like the following example. For more details on this technique for converting Currency data types, see Q189862, "HOWTO: Do 64-bit Arithmetic in VBA", on the Microsoft Knowledge Base.

  ' Currency Helper Types Private Type MungeCurr
      Value As Currency
  End Type
  Private Type Munge2Long
      LoValue As Long
      HiValue As Long
  End Type
  
  ' Currency Helper Functions
  Private Function CurrToText(ByVal Value As Currency) As String     Dim Temp As String, L As Long
      Temp = Format$(Value, "#.0000")
      L = Len(Temp)
      Temp = Left$(Temp, L - 5) & Right$(Temp, 4)
      Do While Len(Temp) > 1 And Left$(Temp, 1) = "0"
          Temp = Mid$(Temp, 2)
      Loop
      Do While Len(Temp) > 2 And Left$(Temp, 2) = "-0"
          Temp = "-" & Mid$(Temp, 3)
      Loop
      CurrToText = Temp
  End Function
  
  Private Function TextToCurr(ByVal Value As String) As Currency
      Dim L As Long, Negative As Boolean
      Value = Trim$(Value)
      If Left$(Value, 1) = "-" Then
          Negative = True
          Value = Mid$(Value, 2)
      End If     L = Len(Value)
      If L
  < 4 Then
          TextToCurr = CCur(IIf(Negative, "-0.", "0.") & _
                            Right$("0000" & Value, 4))
      Else
          TextToCurr = CCur(IIf(Negative, "-", "") & _
                            Left$(Value, L - 4) & "." & Right$(Value, 4))
      End If End Function
  
  ' Java Long as Currency Usage Example Dim LC As MungeCurr
  Dim L2 As Munge2Long
  
  ' Assign a Currency Value (really a Java Long)
  ' to the MungeCurr type variable LC.Value = cyTestIn
  
  ' Coerce the value to the Munge2Long type variable LSet L2 = LC
  
  ' Perform some operation on the value, now that we
  ' have it available in two 32-bit chunks
  L2.LoValue = L2.LoValue + 1
  
  ' Coerce the Munge value back into a currency value LSet LC = L2
  cyTestIn = LC.Value
  

What to do next

After you develop the ActiveX client application code, deploy and run the ActiveX application.

Related

ActiveX client programming best practices
ActiveX client programming, Java field programming tips
ActiveX client programming, Java virtual machine initialization tips
ActiveX client programming, handling error codes
ActiveX client programming, JClassProxy and JObjectProxy classes
ActiveX client programming, threading tips
ActiveX client programming, tips for passing arrays
Example: Using an ActiveX client application to access a Java class or object
Example: ActiveX client application calling Java methods
Example: ActiveX client application using helper methods for data type conversion
ActiveX to EJB Bridge
Run an ActiveX client application
Run an ActiveX client application

Related

ActiveX to Java primitive data type conversion values
A client program does not work

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