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(Dist) Plan to install WAS

IBM WebSphere Application Server Network Deployment is an integrated platform containing an application server, web development tools, a web server, and additional supporting software and documentation. The installation of the application server product installs a shared set of core product files. Afterwards, we create at least one profile, which is a separate data partition that includes the files that define a runtime environment for an application server process, such as a deployment manager or an application server. A running application server process can create, read, update, or delete the configuration files, data files, and log files in its profile. The application server process can access the core product files, which include command files and other shared product binary files. However, most core product or system files are updated only by installing fix packs, interim fixes, or products that extend the product.

After installation, we can create either...

At least one profile must exist to have a functioning application server environment. Use the Profile Management Tool or the manageprofiles command to create profiles.

Prepare the operating system before installing any of the following topologies.

IBM suggests configuring WAS Network Deployment with a single subnet for network traffic. We can use one Network interface card (NIC) on a physical machine or logical partition (LPAR). We can also reference a single domain name system (DNS) server in the network configuration for the physical machine or LPAR. The following information describes scenarios for installing the product in various topologies on one or more machines. Two types of application server topologies are possible using the Network Deployment product.

Some scenarios are more typical in production environments. For example, Scenario 1 supports a lighter workload than Scenario 3 or Scenario 4. However, Scenario 1 is a fully functional environment. Scenarios 3 - 5 are typical production environments for a standalone application server. Scenarios 9 is a typical production scenario for a simple cell environment.


Scenario 1: Single-machine installation of a standalone application server

Install a standalone application server on a single machine.

Install WAS Network Deployment by itself on a single machine, and create a standalone application server profile. Each standalone application server profile includes a server1 application server process. Each profile defines a separate standalone application server that has its own administrative interface.

Use the Profile Management Tool or the manageprofiles command to create profiles after installation.

In this scenario, the application server uses its internal HTTP transport chain for communication instead of a using a separate web server (on a separate machine) to possibly offload some processing.


Scenario 2: Install a standalone application server and a web server on a single machine.

Install a web server, such as IBM HTTP Server, on the same machine as the application server provides more configuration options. Installing a web server plug-in enables the web server to communicate with the application server. This installation scenario supports rigorous testing environments or production environments that do not require a firewall. However, this scenario is not a typical production environment. When everything is on one machine, neither the web server or the application server will run as fast as if they were on separate machines because they are both competing for the same CPU resources.


Scenario 3:> Install a standalone application server and a web server on separate machines.

In the typical production environment, the application server on one machine communicates with a web server on a separate (remote) machine through the web server plug-in. After creating a profile and installing a dedicated web server, use the Web Server Plug-ins for WAS and Web Server Plug-ins Configuration Tool to install a plug-in and to update the web server configuration file. The Web server can then communicate with the application server. Optional firewalls can provide additional security for the application server machine.


Scenario 4: Two-machine installation of multiple standalone application servers and web servers

Install multiple standalone application servers on one machine and one or more web servers on a separate machine. The Profile Management Tool or the manageprofiles command can create a deployment manager profile, an application server profile, or a custom profile. After creating a profile and installing a dedicated web server, use the Web Server Plug-ins for WAS and Web Server Plug-ins Configuration Tool to install a plug-in and to update the web server configuration file. The web server can then communicate with the application server. In this configuration, this process must be done for each profile and web server combination. This topology lets each profile have unique applications, configuration settings, data, and log files while sharing the same set of core product files. Creating multiple profiles creates multiple application server environments that we can dedicate to different purposes. For example, each application server on a website can serve a different application. In another example, each application server can be a separate test environment that we assign to a programmer or a development team. Another feature of having multiple profiles is enhanced serviceability. When a fix pack updates the system files, for example, all application servers begin using the updated core product files.


Scenario 5: Flexible administration of a two-machine installation of multiple standalone application servers and web servers

Install an administrative agent and multiple registered application servers and multiple web servers on separate machines.

The application servers on one machine communicate with a web server on a separate (remote) machine through the web server plug-in. The application servers are registered with the administrative agent. The administrative agent provides a single location from which to administer the nodes registered to it. Optional firewalls can provide additional security for the application server machine.


Scenario 6: Install a cell of managed application servers on one machine

WAS Network Deployment can create a cell consisting of a deployment manager and one federated application server node on a single machine. After installation, create a cell set of profiles. Use the Profile Management Tool or the manageprofiles command to create other standalone application server profiles or custom profiles. Use the administrative interface of the deployment manager to federate the additional servers to the cell. The cell profile type is not recommended for production.

Standalone application server profiles have their own administrative interface until we federate them into a deployment manager cell, at which point the administrative interface of the deployment manager controls the servers, which are at that point called managed nodes. Periodically the configuration and application files on a managed node are refreshed from the master copy of the files hosted on the deployment manager during synchronization. An application server profile has a default application server process called server1 and optionally might include the default application. A custom profile does not have a default server process nor does it have any applications.

In a cell environment, only the managed nodes serve applications, not the deployment manager. The managed node in this scenario uses its internal HTTP transport chain for communication instead of a using a separate web server (on a separate machine) to possibly offload some processing.


Scenario 7: Single-machine installation of a cell of application servers and a web server

Install a cell of managed application servers and a web server on one machine.

Install a web server, such as IBM HTTP Server, on the same machine as the application server provides more configuration options. Installing a web server plug-in is required for the web server to communicate with the server in the managed node. This type of installation can support either rigorous testing in a cell environment or production environments that do not require a firewall.


Scenario 8: Two-machine installation of a cell of application servers and a web server

Install a cell of managed application servers on one machine and a web server on a separate machine. In a typical production environment, a managed node in a cell communicates with a web server on a separate (remote) machine through the web server plug-in. An optional firewall can provide additional security for the application server machine.


Scenario 9: Three-machine installation of a cell of application servers and a web server

Install a deployment manager on one machine, multiple managed application server nodes on a second machine, and a web server on a third machine. The primary advantage of a cell over a standalone application server is its scalability. Managing a cell to keep it in proportion with workload levels is possible. In this scenario, managed nodes exist on Machine C. All of the managed nodes are federated into the same deployment manager. Depending on our needs, an application server in each managed node could serve the same or different applications. Machine A and Machine C represent both types of scaling, vertical and horizontal scaling:

The managed nodes in this scenario communicate with the same web server. An alternative strategy, however, could have a dedicated web server for each managed node.


Scenario 10: Flexible administration of a four-machine installation of mixed runtime environments using the job manager

The job manager administrative process can manage multiple...

Nodes can be registered with one or more job managers. In contrast to a deployment manager, the job manager does not exclusively inherit the administrative functions of its registered nodes. Nodes that register with a job manager maintain their own administrative capabilities. Additionally, the nodes periodically poll the job managers to determine whether there are jobs posted there that require action. All registered nodes can still be managed separately from the job manager. The advantage to a job manager configuration is the ability to coordinate management actions across multiple varied environments.

Install a deployment manager and a managed node on one machine, an administrative agent and multiple registered application server nodes on a second machine, a job manager on a third machine, and a web server on a fourth machine.

The cell in machine A communicates with a web server, while machine C is an internal server that could be used for testing or some other purpose.


Scenario 11:

Install a deployment manager and one or more managed nodes on one machine and DMZ Secure Proxy Server for IBM WAS on a second machine. DMZ Secure Proxy Server for IBM WAS delivers a high performance reverse proxy capability that can be used at the edge of the network to route, load balance, and improve response times for requests to web resources.

The most secure way to administer the DMZ Secure Proxy Server for IBM WAS is locally using wsadmin commands. The DMZ Secure Proxy Server for IBM WAS does not contain a web container and therefore does not have an administrative console. Local administration can only be done using the command line.

Secure proxy server configurations can also be managed within a network deployment application server cell and then imported locally into the DMZ Secure Proxy Server for IBM WAS using wsadmin commands. The configurations are created and maintained inside the network deployment application server cell as configuration-only profiles. The profiles are registered with the administrative agent and are then managed using the administrative console. We configure the secure proxy server profile in the network deployment application server cell, export the configuration to a node in the DMZ, and import the configuration into the DMZ Secure Proxy Server for IBM WAS. We then repeat the process if any changes are made to the secure proxy server configuration.

We have reviewed many of the most common installation scenarios to find a possible match for the topology that we intend to install.


What to do next

See the IBM HTTP Server, web server plug-in, and DMZ Secure Proxy Server for IBM WAS documentation for more information on installing those products.

  • Planning the product installation
  • Install the product offerings
  • Prepare the operating system for product installation