HTTP operands

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HTTP operands

Use the HTTP operands in the subexpression utility builder, an optional tool that helps you build complex rule conditions from subexpressions by using AND, OR, NOT and parenthetical grouping.

Rules
HTTP
Operators

Rules

Each work class contains an optional ordered list of rules that are evaluated for a particular request to determine the policy for that request. Each rule consists of a Boolean expression and a policy value. If the expression evaluates to true for a particular request, the policy associated with that rule is used.
The syntax and semantics of a Boolean expression for a rule are similar to the WHERE clause of a Structured Query Language (SQL) expression. More precisely, the syntax of an expression is defined by the Java™ Message Service (JMS) 1.1 specification. See Rule-based request classification for more information.
In the JMS specification, identifiers refer to various attributes that can be associated with a request, for example, a specific query parameter, cookie, or HTTP header. A JMS identifier can be thought of as a request variable, or operand. These operands can be specific to a protocol. For example, the SOAP service name is an operand that is valid only in a SOAP work class. Because the SOAP is over HTTP, the HTTP operands are also valid in a SOAP request. JMS specification uses literals to specify a specific value to use in a comparison to a request variable. For example, in the expression:
clienthost LIKE '%.ibm.com'
'%.ibm.com' is a literal that is used to compare to the client host name for a request. This expression is true for all requests that originate from a computer in the ibm.com domain. Enclose string literals by single quotes. Do not enclose numeric literals in single quotes. Parentheses together with the AND, OR, and NOT operators can also be used to form compound Boolean expressions. See the JMS 1.1 specification for a detailed description.

HTTP
Table 1. Operands supported in HTTP

Operand Syntax Description
Client host
clienthost The fully-qualified client host name. This is the value of the internet protocol (IP) command host name. This operand does not support numeric operators such as >, >=, <, <=.

Client IPV4
clientipv4 The IP address of the client using the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) dotted quad address type n.n.n.n.

Client IPV6
clientipv6 The Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) 128-bit address type of x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x following Request for Comments 1924 (RFC 1924) of the client computer.
Cookie name
cookie$<name>
A cookie name. For example, the expression cookie$My_Cookie_Name='My_Cookie_Value' tests a request to see if it contains a cookie named My_Cookie_Name with a value of My_Cookie_Value. To test for the presence or absence of a particular cookie, use one of the following expressions:
cookie$MyCookieName IS NOT NULL 
cookie$MyCookieName IS NULL
Header name
header $<name>
A header name and value. For example, the expression header$Host='localhost' tests a request to see if it contains an HTTP host header with a value of localhost. To test for presence or absence of the host header, use one of the following expressions:
header$Host IS NOT NULL 
header$Host IS NULL
HTTP method
HTTPMethod The HTTP method for the request. Possible values are POST, GET, PUT, and DELETE.

MIME type
MIMEType The MIME type of the request.

Percentage
percentage$<val> The percentage operand evaluates to true, a fixed percentage of the time.
For example, percentage$50 evaluates to true on average 50% of the time.

Port
port The listening port on which the request was received.

Protocol
protocol The communications protocol that transmits the request. Currently supported protocols are HTTP, HTTPS, SOAP, and SOAPS.
Query parameter
queryparm$<name>
A header name and value. For example, the expression queryparm$timezone='EST' tests a request to see if the request contains an HTTP query parameter named timezone with a value of EST. To test for presence or absence of a query parameter, use one of the following forms:
queryparm$timezone IS NOT NULL 
queryparm$timezone IS NULL
Rampup
rampup$<startTime>$<completionTime> The rampup operand evaluates to true a variable percentage of the time. It always evaluates to false before <startTime> and to true after <completionTime>. As time progresses from <startTime> to <completionTime>, it evaluates to true, a linearly increasing percentage.
The format of <startTime> and <completionTime> is day/month/year::hour:min:sec. where day is the day of the month, month is one of the twelve months: Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec, year is the 4 digit year, hour is the 2 digit hour of the 24 hour clock, and min and sec are 2 digit values for minute and second, respectively.
For example, rampup$01/Jan/2007::08:00:00$01/Jan/2007::17:00:00 begins to occasionally evaluate to true at 8 AM on Jan 1, 2007 and always evaluates to true by ramp up completion time at 5 PM of the same day.

Scheme of URI
request.uri.scheme
The scheme of the URI.

Server host
serverhost The fully-qualified host name of the server. This operand does not support numeric operators such as >, >=, <, <=.

Server IPV4
serveripv4 The IP address of the server computer using the IPv4 dotted quad address type n.n.n.n.

Server IPV6
serveripv6 The IPv6 128-bit address type of x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x following RFC 1924 of the server computer.

Service
service The name of a Web service.

Time
time
Used to define the date and time of day that a given request must be honored. Two optional fields are StartTime and EndTime. If a request is received outside of that defined window, the request will not be processed.
The Start Time and End Time fields each have the following format: dayOfWeek/dayOfMonth/month/year::hour:minute:second.
For example, Thursday, the 11th of April, year 2007 at 1:03:45 PM is specified as:
Thu/11/Apr/2007::13:03:45
Any field can use a wild card with the value *.
For example, the 1st of each month is specified as */1.
The dayofWeek values are Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat, and the dayOfMonth values range from 1-31.
The month value is a non-numeric value that represents the twelve months: Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec.
The year value is comprised of the year's four digits. For example, 2007.
The hour value is the hour of day in the 24-hour clock. For example, 8am is represented as ::8. The minute and second are integers ranging from 0-59.
The forward slash (/) is used to separate date parameters, the double colon (::) is used to separate the date parameters, and the colon (:) is used to separate the time of day parameters. Note that it is the Boolean result of the entire rule in which the time operand is used that determines the routing action taken.

URI
string
Uniform Resource Identifier

Virtual Host
string
Virtual host target of the request, used for configuring Web applications to a particular host name.

Virtual Port
numeric
Virtual port target of the request, used for configuring Web applications to a particular port.

Virtual Portal
virtualportal
Virtual portals are created within WebSphere^® Portal Server, and WebSphere Virtual Enterprise supports this operand for better integration with WebSphere Portal Server. The virtual portal is the request URL minus the context root for the WebSphere Portal application's Web module. If a given request matches the virtual portal defined, then the routing action defined for that rule is taken.
Operators

WebSphere Virtual Enterprise supports the operators in the following table in the rules expressions. These operators are also referred to as predicates in SQL terminology because they appear inside of a WHERE or HAVING clause. Operators are case insensitive.
Table 2. Request classification operators

Operator Description
OR The logical OR operator.
AND The logical AND operator.
NOT The negation operator.
IN
Expresses an operand with multiple values in a single expression. Its meaning is consistent with the SQL standard meaning of the operator. For example, if you want to express that the port value could be any or all of the values such as 9080, 9090, 9091, use the expression fragment:
port IN (9080,9090,9091)
In SQL, how the values inside the parenthesis are expressed depends on the data type of port. If the port is an integer, the values without the single quotation marks are syntactically correct. If the port is a string, the correct expression is:
port IN ('9080','9090','9091')
LIKE
Expresses pattern matching for string operand values. The value must contain the wildcard character (%) in the position where the pattern matching is expected to start. For example, the expression:
host LIKE %blanca
matches the word blanca and any other word that ends in blanca, while the expression:
host LIKE blanca%
matches the word blanca and any other word that starts with blanca. The expression:
host LIKE %blanca%
matches the word blanca and any word that has the token blanca imbedded in it.
The java.util.regex.Pattern class is used.
= The equality operator expresses a match in case-sensitive match.
> Greater-than operator for use with numeric operands.
>= Greater-than or equal operator for use with numeric operands.
< Less-than operator for use with numeric operands.
<= Less-than or equal operator for use with numeric operands.
< > Not-equal operator.
BETWEEN Used with AND to select a range of values inclusive of the first (low) value and the last (high) value. Together, they operate on numbers and dates values.
IS NULL Tests for an operand having a NULL value.
IS NOT NULL Tests for an operand having a value other than NULL.
Related concepts

Rule-based request classification

Related tasks

Defining a service policy
Setting maintenance mode
Activating concurrent editions
Validating an edition

Related reference

SIP rules for ODR service policy administrative tasks
SIP rules for ODR routing policy administrative tasks

Operand	Syntax	Description
Client host	clienthost	The fully-qualified client host name. This is the value of the internet protocol (IP) command host name. This operand does not support numeric operators such as >, >=, <, <=.
Client IPV4	clientipv4	The IP address of the client using the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) dotted quad address type `n.n.n.n`.
Client IPV6	clientipv6	The Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) 128-bit address type of `x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x` following Request for Comments 1924 (RFC 1924) of the client computer.
Cookie name	cookie$<name>	A cookie name. For example, the expression `cookie$My_Cookie_Name='My_Cookie_Value'` tests a request to see if it contains a cookie named My_Cookie_Name with a value of My_Cookie_Value. To test for the presence or absence of a particular cookie, use one of the following expressions: cookie$MyCookieName IS NOT NULL cookie$MyCookieName IS NULL
Header name	header $<name>	A header name and value. For example, the expression `header$Host='localhost'` tests a request to see if it contains an HTTP host header with a value of localhost. To test for presence or absence of the host header, use one of the following expressions: header$Host IS NOT NULL header$Host IS NULL
HTTP method	HTTPMethod	The HTTP method for the request. Possible values are POST, GET, PUT, and DELETE.
MIME type	MIMEType	The MIME type of the request.
Percentage	percentage$<val>	The percentage operand evaluates to true, a fixed percentage of the time. For example, percentage$50 evaluates to true on average 50% of the time.
Port	port	The listening port on which the request was received.
Protocol	protocol	The communications protocol that transmits the request. Currently supported protocols are HTTP, HTTPS, SOAP, and SOAPS.
Query parameter	queryparm$<name>	A header name and value. For example, the expression `queryparm$timezone='EST'` tests a request to see if the request contains an HTTP query parameter named timezone with a value of EST. To test for presence or absence of a query parameter, use one of the following forms: queryparm$timezone IS NOT NULL queryparm$timezone IS NULL
Rampup	rampup$<startTime>$<completionTime>	The rampup operand evaluates to true a variable percentage of the time. It always evaluates to false before <startTime> and to true after <completionTime>. As time progresses from <startTime> to <completionTime>, it evaluates to true, a linearly increasing percentage. The format of <startTime> and <completionTime> is `day/month/year::hour:min:sec`. where day is the day of the month, month is one of the twelve months: Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec, year is the 4 digit year, hour is the 2 digit hour of the 24 hour clock, and min and sec are 2 digit values for minute and second, respectively. For example, `rampup$01/Jan/2007::08:00:00$01/Jan/2007::17:00:00` begins to occasionally evaluate to true at 8 AM on Jan 1, 2007 and always evaluates to true by ramp up completion time at 5 PM of the same day.
Scheme of URI	request.uri.scheme	The scheme of the URI.
Server host	serverhost	The fully-qualified host name of the server. This operand does not support numeric operators such as >, >=, <, <=.
Server IPV4	serveripv4	The IP address of the server computer using the IPv4 dotted quad address type `n.n.n.n`.
Server IPV6	serveripv6	The IPv6 128-bit address type of `x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x` following RFC 1924 of the server computer.
Service	service	The name of a Web service.
Time	time	Used to define the date and time of day that a given request must be honored. Two optional fields are StartTime and EndTime. If a request is received outside of that defined window, the request will not be processed. The Start Time and End Time fields each have the following format: `dayOfWeek/dayOfMonth/month/year::hour:minute:second`. For example, Thursday, the 11th of April, year 2007 at 1:03:45 PM is specified as: Thu/11/Apr/2007::13:03:45 Any field can use a wild card with the value . For example, the 1st of each month is specified as /1. The dayofWeek values are Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat, and the dayOfMonth values range from 1-31. The month value is a non-numeric value that represents the twelve months: Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec. The year value is comprised of the year's four digits. For example, 2007. The hour value is the hour of day in the 24-hour clock. For example, 8am is represented as ::8. The minute and second are integers ranging from 0-59. The forward slash (/) is used to separate date parameters, the double colon (::) is used to separate the date parameters, and the colon (:) is used to separate the time of day parameters. Note that it is the Boolean result of the entire rule in which the time operand is used that determines the routing action taken.
URI	string	Uniform Resource Identifier
Virtual Host	string	Virtual host target of the request, used for configuring Web applications to a particular host name.
Virtual Port	numeric	Virtual port target of the request, used for configuring Web applications to a particular port.
Virtual Portal	virtualportal	Virtual portals are created within WebSphere^® Portal Server, and WebSphere Virtual Enterprise supports this operand for better integration with WebSphere Portal Server. The virtual portal is the request URL minus the context root for the WebSphere Portal application's Web module. If a given request matches the virtual portal defined, then the routing action defined for that rule is taken.

Operator	Description
OR	The logical OR operator.
AND	The logical AND operator.
NOT	The negation operator.
IN	Expresses an operand with multiple values in a single expression. Its meaning is consistent with the SQL standard meaning of the operator. For example, if you want to express that the port value could be any or all of the values such as 9080, 9090, 9091, use the expression fragment: port IN (9080,9090,9091) In SQL, how the values inside the parenthesis are expressed depends on the data type of port. If the port is an integer, the values without the single quotation marks are syntactically correct. If the port is a string, the correct expression is: port IN ('9080','9090','9091')
LIKE	Expresses pattern matching for string operand values. The value must contain the wildcard character (%) in the position where the pattern matching is expected to start. For example, the expression: host LIKE %blanca matches the word `blanca` and any other word that ends in `blanca`, while the expression: host LIKE blanca% matches the word `blanca` and any other word that starts with `blanca`. The expression: host LIKE %blanca% matches the word `blanca` and any word that has the token `blanca` imbedded in it. The java.util.regex.Pattern class is used.
=	The equality operator expresses a match in case-sensitive match.
>	Greater-than operator for use with numeric operands.
>=	Greater-than or equal operator for use with numeric operands.
<	Less-than operator for use with numeric operands.
<=	Less-than or equal operator for use with numeric operands.
< >	Not-equal operator.
BETWEEN	Used with AND to select a range of values inclusive of the first (low) value and the last (high) value. Together, they operate on numbers and dates values.
IS NULL	Tests for an operand having a NULL value.
IS NOT NULL	Tests for an operand having a value other than NULL.