Channel and client reconnection
Channel and client reconnection is an essential part of restoring message processing after a standby queue manager instance has become active.
Multi-instance queue manager instances are installed on servers with different network addresses. You need to configure IBM MQ channels and clients with connection information for all queue manager instances. When a standby takes over, clients and channels are automatically reconnected to the newly active queue manager instance at the new network address. Automatic client reconnect is not supported by IBM MQ classes for Java™.
The design is different from the way high availability environments such as HA-CMP work. HA-CMP provides a virtual IP address for the cluster and transfer the address to the active server. IBM MQ reconnection does not change or reroute IP addresses. It works by reconnecting using the network addresses we have defined in channel definitions and client connections. As an administrator, you need to define the network addresses in channel definitions and client connections to all instances of any multi-instance queue manager. The best way to configure network addresses to a multi-instance queue manager depends on the connection:
- Queue manager channels
- The CONNAME attribute of channels is a comma-separated list of connection names; for example, CONNAME('127.0.0.1(1234), 192.0.2.0(4321)'). The connections are tried in the order specified in the connection list until a connection is successfully established. If no connection is successful, the channel attempts to reconnect.
- Cluster channels
Typically, no additional configuration is required to make multi-instance queue managers work in a cluster.
If a queue manager connects to a repository queue manager, the repository discovers the network address of the queue manager. It refers to the CONNAME of the CLUSRCVR channel at the queue manager. On TCPIP, the queue manager automatically sets the CONNAME if you omit it, or configure it to blanks. When a standby instance takes over, its IP address replaces the IP address of the previous active instance as the CONNAME.
If it is necessary, we can manually configure CONNAME with the list of network addresses of the queue manager instances.
- Client connections
- Client connections can use connection lists, or queue manager groups to select alternative connections. Clients need to be compiled to run with IBM WebSphere MQ Version 7.0.1 client libraries or better. They must be connected to at least a Version 7.0.1 queue manager.
When failover occurs, reconnection takes some time. The standby queue manager has to complete its startup. The clients that were connected to the failed queue manager have to detect the connection failure, and start a new client connection. If a new client connection selects the standby queue manager that has become newly active, then the client is reconnected to the same queue manager.
If the client is in the middle of an MQI call during the reconnection, it must tolerate an extended wait before the call completes.
If the failure takes place during a batch transfer on a message channel, the batch is rolled back and restarted.
Switching over is faster than failing over, and takes only as long as stopping one instance of the queue manager and starting another. For a queue manager with only few log records to replay, at best switchover might take of the order of a few seconds. To estimate how long failover takes, you need to add the time that it takes for the failure to be detected. At best the detection takes of the order of 10 seconds, and might be several minutes, depending on the network and the file system.